Arithmetic logical and relational operators used in C program.

Arithmetic operators

Operator	Detils
+	Addition of two operands
-	Subtraction of two operands
*	Multiplication of two operands
/	Division of two operands
%	Reminder of a division
++	Increment by one
--	Decrement by one

Examples of Arithmetic Operators.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=30 ,y=20;
int result;

result = x + y; // Addition 
printf(" Output : %d \n", result);

result = x - y; // Subtraction  
printf(" Output : %d \n", result);

result = x * y; // Multiplication  
printf(" Output : %d \n", result);

result = x / y; // Division
printf(" Output : %d \n", result);

result = x % y; // reminder of the Division
printf(" Output : %d \n", result);
}

output

 Output : 50
 Output : 10
 Output : 600
 Output : 1
 Output : 10

increment and decrement operators

int i=45;
i++;
printf(" Output : %d \n", i );

i=20;
i--;
printf(" Output : %d \n", i );

Output

 Output : 46
 Output : 19

Increase by more than 1

int i=45,j=0;
i+=5;
printf(" Output : %d \n", i ); // 50

When we use assignment operator with increment and decrement operator then assignment is executed first and then increment ( or decrement ) is executed.

int i=45,j=0;
// first value is assigned to j, then increment is done to i
j=i++;
printf(" Output : %d \n", j ); // 45

In above code output is 45 ( NOT 46 ), but if you change to display value of i ( in place of j inside printf() ) , we will get 46. Logical operators

Operator	Detils
&&	And operator. Output true only if all operands are true
\|\|	Or operator. Output true if any one of the operand is true
!	Not operator. True if out put of condition is false

Examples ( Output is after comment )

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=40 ,y=50;
int result;

result= (x==40) && (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );  //  0

result= (x==40) || (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );  //  1

result= !(x==40) || (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );  // 0
}

Relational operators

Here output is always True or False. It can be 1 or 0

Operator	Detils
==	Equal To
<	Less than
>	Greater than
<=	Less than or equal to
>=	Greater than or equal to
!=	Not equal to

Example of Relational Operators ( output are shown with comments )

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=30 ,y=20;

printf(" Output : %d \n", x == y);  // 0
printf(" Output : %d \n", x <  y);  // 0
printf(" Output : %d \n", x >  y);  // 1
printf(" Output : %d \n", x <= y);  // 0
printf(" Output : %d \n", x >= y);  // 1
printf(" Output : %d \n", x != y);  // 1
}

Practice Questions on logical and relational operators

Write the expected output of these lines of code

int x=50,y=40;
printf(" Output : %d \n", x == y);
printf(" Output : %d \n", x < y);
printf(" Output : %d \n", x > y);
printf(" Output : %d \n", x <= y);
printf(" Output : %d \n", x >= y);
printf(" Output : %d \n", x != y);
Understanding && and || operators ( AND OR ), write the expected outputs

int x=45,y=25;
int result;

result= x==45;
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );

result= x!=45;
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );

result= x<y;
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );

result= (x==40) && (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );

result= (x==40) || (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );

result= !(x==40) || (y ==30);
printf(" Output : %d \n", result );
Understanding increment and decrement operators

int i=45;
i++;
printf(" Output : %d \n", i );

i=20;
i--;
printf(" Output : %d \n", i );
Assignment with increment and decrement operators

int i=45,j=0;
// first value is assigned to j, then increment is done to i
j=i++;
printf(" Output : %d \n", j ); // 45

i=20;
// first value is assigned to j, then decrement is done to i
j=i--;
printf(" Output : %d \n", j ); // 20
In above two printf() functions , change the variable to dispaly from j to i and see the difference. ( Why ? )

Basics of C printf() scanf() C- Tutorials

Arithmetic, logical and relational operators

Relational operators

Practice Questions on logical and relational operators

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