timetuple(): named tuple containing components of the date and time

The timetuple() method in Python's datetime module returns a named tuple, time.struct_time, containing various components of a date and time object. This method is particularly useful for extracting detailed information from date and datetime objects.

Components of time.struct_time

The time.struct_time tuple includes the following attributes:

• tm_year: Year (e.g., 2025)
• tm_mon: Month (1-12)
• tm_mday: Day of the month (1-31)
• tm_hour: Hour (0-23)
• tm_min: Minute (0-59)
• tm_sec: Second (0-59)
• tm_wday: Weekday (0=Monday, 6=Sunday)
• tm_yday: Day of the year (1-366)
• tm_isdst: Daylight Saving Time flag (-1, 0, 1)

Today's details as timetuple

from datetime import date

dt = date.today().timetuple()
print(dt)

time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=9, tm_mday=16, tm_hour=0,
 tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=259, tm_isdst=-1)

from datetime import datetime

dt = datetime.now().timetuple()
print(dt)

time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=9, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=6, 
tm_min=18, tm_sec=26, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=260, tm_isdst=-1)

Using date object

import datetime

dt = datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 31)
print(dt.timetuple())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=31, tm_hour=0, 
tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=365, tm_isdst=-1)

import datetime

# Year, Month, Date, Hour, Minute, Second, Microsecond
dt = datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 345234)
print(dt.timetuple())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=31, tm_hour=23, 
tm_min=59, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=365, tm_isdst=-1)

print(len(dt.timetuple()))

9

print(dt.timetuple()[2])

31

for i in dt.timetuple():
    print(i)

2019
12
31
23
59
59
1
365
-1

Example 1: Extracting Components from a datetime Object

Let's create a datetime object and extract its components using the timetuple() method:

from datetime import datetime

dt = datetime(2025, 2, 8, 14, 30, 45)
tt = dt.timetuple()

print(f"Year: {tt.tm_year}")
print(f"Month: {tt.tm_mon}")
print(f"Day: {tt.tm_mday}")
print(f"Hour: {tt.tm_hour}")
print(f"Minute: {tt.tm_min}")
print(f"Second: {tt.tm_sec}")
print(f"Weekday: {tt.tm_wday}")
print(f"Day of the year: {tt.tm_yday}")
print(f"DST flag: {tt.tm_isdst}")

Example 2: Converting datetime to Timestamp

We can convert a datetime object to a timestamp using the timetuple() method in conjunction with the time module:

from datetime import datetime
import time

dt = datetime(2025, 2, 8, 14, 30, 45)
timestamp = time.mktime(dt.timetuple())

print(f"Timestamp: {timestamp}")

Example 3: Formatting datetime Using strftime()

The timetuple() method can be used with strftime() to format datetime objects into readable strings:

from datetime import datetime

dt = datetime(2025, 2, 8, 14, 30, 45)
formatted_date = dt.strftime("%A, %B %d, %Y %I:%M:%S %p")

print(f"Formatted Date: {formatted_date}")

Use Cases of timetuple()

The timetuple() method is beneficial in scenarios such as:

• Interfacing with APIs or systems that require time in tuple format.
• Performing detailed date and time analysis by accessing individual components.
• Converting datetime objects to timestamps for storage or comparison purposes.

By leveraging the timetuple() method, we can efficiently dissect and utilize the components of date and time objects in Python, enhancing our ability to perform precise time-based computations and formatting.

Subhendu Mohapatra

Author

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