int() : to get integer object from string number or string

int('string','base') returns integer object
string: input String or number
base: (optional) base of the (input) number.

print(int('45'))  # 45

Using float data type as input

print(int(4.5))  # 4 
print(int(4.78)) # 4
print(int(4.99)) # 4
print(int(4.1))  # 4

With base

Base is 2 here

print(int('0101',2)) # 5

octal base

print(int('107',8)) # 71

Base is 16 here

print(int('ca',16)) # 202

When base is given then input must be string

print(int(123,16)) # Error

This will generate output

TypeError: int() can't convert non-string with explicit base

More examples with different base value

my_data='1011' # string input
print("With base 2 : ",int(my_data,2)) # 11
my_data='71'
print("with base 8 :",int(my_data,8)) # 57
my_data='cd' 
print("with base 16 :",int(my_data,16)) # 205

Output

With base 2 :  11
with base 8 : 57
with base 16 : 205

None type to int

This will generate error as we can't convert None type variable to Integer.

a=None
b=int(a) #TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a real number, not 'NoneType'
print(b)

Solution , use like this and assign 0 if it is None

a=None
b=int(a or 0) 
print(b) # 0

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