tanh()

import math
print(math.tanh(-5))    # -0.9999092042625951
print(math.tanh(-1))    # -0.7615941559557649
print(math.tanh(-0.9))  # -0.7162978701990244
print(math.tanh(0))     # 0.0
print(math.tanh(0.9))   # 0.7162978701990244
print(math.tanh(1))     # 0.7615941559557649
print(math.tanh(5))     # 0.9999092042625951

Inputs in degree

import math
in_degree = 50
in_redian = math.radians(in_degree)
print(math.tanh(in_redian)) # 0.7027254303610717

Drawing graph of tanh()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x=[]
y=[]
i=-10
while (i<=10):
    x.append(i)
    y.append(math.tanh(i))
    i=i+0.1
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.axvline(x=0.00,linewidth=2, color='#f1f1f1')
plt.axhline(y=0.00,linewidth=2, color='#f1f1f1')
plt.grid(linestyle='-',
    linewidth=0.5,color='#f1f1f1')
plt.show()

Example 1: Using tanh() as an Activation Function

import math
inputs = [-2, -1, 0, 1, 2]
outputs = [math.tanh(x) for x in inputs]
print(outputs)  # Outputs between -1 and 1

Example 2: Using cmath.tanh() for Complex Numbers

import cmath
z = 2 + 3j
print(cmath.tanh(z))  # Outputs tanh for a complex number

(0.965385879022133-0.009884375038322495j)

Example 3: Comparing tanh() with sinh() and cosh()

import math
x = 1.0
tanh_val = math.tanh(x)
sinh_cosh_val = math.sinh(x) / math.cosh(x)
print(f"tanh(1.0) = {tanh_val}")
print(f"sinh(1.0) / cosh(1.0) = {sinh_cosh_val}")

tanh(1.0) = 0.7615941559557649
sinh(1.0) / cosh(1.0) = 0.7615941559557649

Example 4: Limiting Hyperbolic Tangent Output

import math
x = 100  # Large input
print(math.tanh(x))  # Output will approach 1 as x increases
print(math.tanh(-100))  # Output will approach -1 as x decreases

Example 5: Using tanh() in a Mathematical Expression

import math
x = 0.5
y = 2.0
result = 3 * math.tanh(x) + 2 * math.tanh(y)
print(result) # output:  3.314406631931663

Subhendu Mohapatra

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