to_html() to write DataFrame data to html tables in files

import pandas as pd 
my_dict={
	'NAME':['Ravi','Raju','Alex'],
	'ID':[1,2,3],'MATH':[30,40,50],
	'ENGLISH':[20,30,41]
	}
df = pd.DataFrame(data=my_dict) # create DataFrame from dictionary
df.to_html('D:\my_html.html')

We saved the DataFrame data as table inside .html ( web page ) file.

Python Pandas html output from DataFrame & using MySQL sample table as source by to_html()

By default we will have index as left most column. We can remove index by using option index=False

df.to_html('D:\my_html.html',index=False)

Storing Path

We kept the file in D drive ( root )

df.to_html('D:\my_file.html')

Inside data directory

df.to_html('D:\data\my_file.html')

Options

buf: Buffer to write.
columns : Default value is None, write all columns. The sub list of columns to generate.
col_space: Optional, css width in pixel. Output <th style="min-width: 20px;">
header: Default value is True,bool Optional. To print column headers (True ) or not
index: Default value is True, bool Optional. To print index row ( True ) or not
na_rep: How to handle NaN enteries.
formatters : Function to apply for column elements for formatting.
float_format : Formatter function for floats.
sparsify: To print hierarchical index
index_names : Bool , optional, default True. Print name of Indexes
justify: Justify column labels. Values are left,right,center,justify,justify-all,start,end,inherit,match-parent,initial,unset.
max_rows: int , Optional. Maximum number of rows to display.
max_cols: int , Optional. Maximum number of columns to display.
show_dimensions: bool, default False.
decimal: Decimal separator. Example , is used in Europe.
bold_rows: Bool, default True, mark row labels bold.
classes: (HTML ) Class to add to table for style.
escape : Bool,default True. Converts < , > and &
notebook : Bool, the output is for IPython Notebook.
border : int, border width included in <table> tag, default value is 1, set to 0 to remove border.
table_id : A css id for the html table.
render_links : Default False. Converts URL to Link
encoding :str,encoding, default 'utf-8'

Output : String or None based on buf setting.

Examples

We can specify the columns to be used with index=False

import pandas as pd
df=pd.read_excel("E:\\data\\student.xlsx") # Path of the file. 
l1=['id','name','mark'] # List of columns to show in html table 
df.to_html('E:\\data\\my_html.html',index=False,columns=l1)

max_rows and max_cols

df.to_html('C:\\data\\student.html',max_rows=5,max_cols=3)

remove header

df.to_html('C:\\data\\student.html',index=None,header=False)

classes

This will add the class to HTML generated table.

df.to_html('C:\\data\\student.html',classes="table table-striped")

col_space

This will add width to table header row <th style="min-width: 50px;">id</th>

df.to_html('C:\\data\\student.html',col_space=50)

na_rep Blank data

How to handle if data is blank, we can use na_rep='*'

import pandas as pd 
import numpy as np
my_dict={
	'NAME':['Ravi','Raju','Alex'],
	'ID':[1,2,3],'MATH':[30,np.nan,50],
	'ENGLISH':[20,30,41]
	}
df = pd.DataFrame(data=my_dict) # create DataFrame from dictionary
print(df.to_html(na_rep='*'))

show_dimensions

print(df.to_html(show_dimensions=True))

Along with the table we will get output like this.

<p>3 rows × 4 columns</p>

decimal

In place of using a dot ( . ) we can use comma as decimal indicator, this is used in Europe.

import pandas as pd 
my_dict={
	'NAME':['Ravi','Raju','Alex'],
	'ID':[1,2,3],'MATH':[30,80,50],
	'ENGLISH':[20.5,30.65,41.898]
	}
df = pd.DataFrame(data=my_dict) # create DataFrame from dictionary
print(df.to_html(decimal=','))

table_id

We can add one css id to the table generated.

print(df.to_html(table_id='my_table'))

Output

<table border="1" class="dataframe" id="my_table">

Storing part of the data

We can filter the DataFrame and then save the rows in html file. For this we will use our test.csv file as we have more rows.
Now let us store only two columns, class and name

import pandas as pd 
df=pd.read_csv('test.csv')
df=df.loc[:,['class','name']]
df = pd.DataFrame(data=df)
df.to_html('my_file.html',index=False)

We can use various other filters to manage the data and store in html file. You can read more on filters sections.

Data from MySQL table to html file

Read on how to connect to MySQL database and then collected the records of student table by using read_sql() to a DataFrame. Finally we will save them in an html file using to_html().

import mysql.connector
import pandas as pd 
my_connect = mysql.connector.connect(
      host="localhost",
      user="root",
      passwd="*****",
      database="my_tutorial"
    )
####### end of connection ####
sql="SELECT * FROM student limit 0,5"
df = pd.read_sql(sql,my_connect )
df.to_html('D:\my_student_file.html',index=False)

Using SQLAlchemy

We will collect records from our sample student table in MySQL database and display as html using to_html().
Collect SQL dump of sample student table below.
Read more on MySQL with SQLAlchemy connection. you can add path if you want the file ( with html tags )to be created with the ( sample is given above )

import pandas as pd 
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
my_conn = create_engine("mysql+mysqldb://userid:pw@localhost/my_db")
sql="SELECT * FROM student LIMIT 0,10 "
df = pd.read_sql(sql,my_conn)
df.to_html('D:\\df\\my_html.html')

From Excel file to HTML output

In above code we have created one DataFrame by taking data from a MySQL database table. We can create DataFrame by using any excel data or by using any csv file or from any other sources. ( check here to create a DataFrame from 8 different sources )
Once a DataFrame is created, then using that we can create html output by using to_html(). Here is one example to read one Excel file to a DataFrame and generate the string, you can explore other sources to create a DataFrame and finally generate html tags / file.
We used read_excel() to read our sample student.xlsx file.

df=pd.read_excel("D:\\my_data\\student.xlsx") # Path of the file. 
df.to_html('D:\\my_data\\my_html.html')

We can read one csv file by using read_csv()

df=pd.read_csv("D:\\my_data\\student.csv") # change the path
df.to_html('D:\\my_data\\my_html.html')

Adding style using classes option

import pandas as pd
df=pd.read_excel("E:\\data\\student.xlsx") # Path of the file. 
df.to_html('E:\\data\\my_html.html',classes='center') # File created

Above code will create my_html.html file at the given path by adding the class=center to center allign the table. The top part of the html source is here.

<table border="1" class="dataframe center">
  <thead">
    <tr style="text-align: right;">
	-----
	-----

As the class is added to html code, we can define the html class in our style properties. Keep this code in your page CSS or inside HEAD tag. Here is one example.

<style>.center {
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}</style>

To print the html output to console.

print(df.to_html(classes='center'))

Copy tabular data from URL and create html table

Select the tabular data from any webpage and copy to clipboard. Then run this code to generate the html table to use in any html page.
This sample URL is used. https://www.php.net/manual/en/errorfunc.constants.php

import pandas as pd
df=pd.read_clipboard(index_col='Value') # use value column as index 
df=df.drop(columns='Note') # delete the Note column 
print(df.to_html(classes="table table-striped"))

read_clipboard() : Clipboard data to DataFrame

Questions

How can I include only specific columns from a DataFrame in the HTML table generated by to_html()?
Is it possible to specify the CSS classes for the HTML table using the to_html() function?
How can I remove the index column from the HTML table produced by to_html()?
Can I customize the representation of missing values (NaN) in the HTML table generated by to_html()?
Is there a way to control the width of the columns in the HTML table created by to_html()?
How can I save the HTML table generated by to_html() to a file instead of printing it to the console?
Can I include the column names as table headers in the HTML output using to_html()?
Is it possible to remove the table borders in the HTML output created by to_html()?
How can I align the table cells to the center in the HTML table produced by to_html()?
Can I include row and column labels (index names) in the HTML table generated by to_html()?

Data input and output from Pandas DataFrame
Pandas read_html() read_csv() read_excel() to_excel()

Numpy arrays Python & MySQL Python- Tutorials

Subhendu Mohapatra

Author

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to_html() : DataFrame to html