Pillow draw object to add line, rectangle, arc, circles to Image

Add line, rectangle, arc, circles to images using Pillow ImageDraw

Creating object

PIL.ImageDraw.Draw(im, mode=None)

im: Image to work
mode : Optional , mode to use colour values.

Adding Lines to an image

ImageDraw.line(xy, fill=None, width=0, joint=None)

xy: Coordinates of the start and end points
fill: Colour of the line
width : Line width ( Integer )
Drawing Line over image

We can draw a line between two coordiantes. (0,0) is the top left corner of the image.
Horizontal and vertical cross lines at center.

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw

path = "F:\\testing\\images\\test3.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 200, 200
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # Object to draw over main image 

img1.line([(0,100),(200,100)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # Horizontal
img1.line([(100,0),(100,200)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # Vertical 
# img.save(path)
img.show()

Two lines crossing

img1.line([(0,0),(200,200)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # cross
img1.line([(0,200),(200,0)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # cross

Border in all four sides

img1.line([(10,10),(190,10)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # Horizontl top
img1.line([(190,10),(190,190)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # vertical right
img1.line([(190,190),(10,190)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # Horizontl botton
img1.line([(10,190),(10,10)] , fill='blue',width=2,joint='curve') # vertical right

Lines using For loop

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw

path = "E:\\testing\\images\\test3.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # Object to draw over main image 
for i in range(0, width, 50):
    img1.line([i, 0, i, height], fill="blue", width=1) # vertical   
for j in range(0, height, 50):
    img1.line([0, j, width, j], fill="red", width=1) # Horizontal
img.save(path)

We can update the thickness of the lines based on its modulus value. Here each 10^th line thickness is changed.
Drawing Lines using for loop over an image

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
path = "E:\\testing\\images\\test3.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 500, 500
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # Object to draw over main image 
for i in range(0, width, 5):
    if i % 50 ==0 :
        img1.line([i, 0, i, height], fill="blue", width=2)
    else:
        img1.line([i, 0, i, height], fill="blue", width=1)  

for j in range(0, height, 5):
    if j% 50 ==0:
        img1.line([0, j, width, j], fill="red", width=2)
    else:
        img1.line([0, j, width, j], fill="red", width=1)
#img.show()
img.save(path)

Adding rectangle to image

ImageDraw.rectangle(xy, fill=None, outline=None, width=1)

xy: Coordinates of the box
fill: Colour for filling
outline : Colour of the outline
width : Line width

Draw a border around an image with a gap of 10 from edges.
Drawing border with a gap from edges by using rectangle

Drawing border with a gap from edges by using rectangle

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
path = "F:\\testing\\images\\rect1.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) 
size=[(10,10),(width-10,height-10)] # box with coordinates 
img1.rectangle(size, fill=None, outline='blue', width=2)
img.show()

Concentric rectangles

Drawing Random concentric colour rectangles

Here on each step of the for loop the coordinates decreases by 10,
We have used numpy random integers to create a tuple with Random RGB numbers. Here in each step one random colour is generated.

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
import numpy as np
path = "E:\\testing\\images\\rect1.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # create object to Draw
for i in range(0,int(width/2),10):
    size=[(i,i),(width-i,height-i)] # coordinates of the rectangle 
    color = tuple(np.random.choice(range(255), size=3)) # random RGB colour 
    img1.rectangle(size, fill=None, outline=color, width=2) 
img.show()
img.save(path)

Adding Arc to an image

ImageDraw.arc(xy, start, end, fill=None, width=0)

xy: Coordinates of the box
start: Starting angle of the arc. Starts from 3 o’clock, increase clockwise
end: Ending angle in degree
fill: Colour for filling
width : Line width

Circle at Center

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
path = "E:\\testing\\images\\arc1.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # create object to Draw
size=[(width/2)-50,(height/2)-50,(width/2)+50,(height/2)+50]
img1.arc(size,0,360, fill='red', width=20)
img.show()
img.save(path)

Concentric Circles

Here the same concept of concentric rectangles ( above explained ) is used.

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
import numpy as np
path = "C:\\testing\\images\\arc1.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # create object to Draw
for i in range(0,int(width/2),10):
    size=[(i,i),(width-i,height-i)] # box around arc 
    color = tuple(np.random.choice(range(255), size=3)) # ranom RGB value
    img1.arc(size,0,360, fill=color, width=11)
img.show()
img.save(path)

Half Arc

Here start angle is 180 degree and ending angle is 360 degree.

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
path = "E:\\testing\\images\\arc1.png"  # new image to create
width, height = 400, 400
img = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), color="#F1F1CC")
img1 = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # create object to Draw
size=[(width/2)-190,(height/2)-190,(width/2)+190,(height/2)+190]
img1.arc(size,180,360, fill='red', width=50)
img.show()
img.save(path)

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Subhendu Mohapatra

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ImageDraw of PIL