type() to get data type of object in Python

type() returns the data type of the object .

list of Python built in Data types

None
Numeric ( integer, float , complex )
Sequence ( list, tuple, set , range )
Bool
string ( or str )
dictionary.

Getting type of class or data or object by using type() and converting data types in Python Basics

Getting type of object ( Output is with comment # part )

print(type(5))          #<class 'int'>
print(type(3.4))        #<class 'float'>
print(type(5+9j))       #<class 'complex'>

Using List , set , dictionary and tuple.

print(type(['One','Tow','Three']))          # <class 'list'>
print(type(('One','Tow','Three')))          # <class 'tuple'>
print(type({'One','Tow','Three'}))          # <class 'set'>
print(type({1:'Alex',2:'Ronald',3:'John'})) # <class 'dict'>

None

If the object is not assigned any value, we call it NoneType.

a=None
print(type(a)) # <class 'NoneType'>

Range

sequence of numbers ( Immutable ) can be returned by using range(). These are range data type.

x=range(5)      # 5 is stop value
print(type(x))  # <class 'range'>

bool

Bool data type stors values True or False. Read more on bool()

a=True
print(type(a)) # <class 'bool'>

str

String data types. Built in function str() update to string data type.

print(type("Welcome"))  #<class 'str'>

Apart from these built in data types, user can create its own data types by using class.

class Animal():
    #instance attributes
    def __init__(self1,name1,age):
        self1.name= name1
        self1.age=age

#instantiate the Animal  class
tiger=Animal("Ronald",5)  # tiger is an object of Animal class

print(type(tiger)) # <class '__main__.Animal'>

How to covert one data type to other ?

We can use int() , float(), str(), complex() , bool() to convert data types.

Integer to String by using str()

my_int=5 # integer data type
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'int'>
my_int=str(5) # converted to string 
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'str'>

Integer to float()

my_int=5
my_int=float(5)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'float'>

my_data=5.0
print(type(my_data)) # <class 'float'>
my_data=int(my_data)
print(my_data)       # 5
print(type(my_data)) # <class 'int'>

Update the above variable like this and check the result.

my_data=5.86

Integer to complex, by using complex()

my_int1=5
my_int2=3
my_int=complex(my_int1,my_int2)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'complex'>

Float to Integer by using int()

my_float=5.4
my_int=int(my_float)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'int'>

All types of conversion are not possible. This will generate error.

my_str='plus2net'
my_int=int(my_str)
print(type(my_int))

Output

 ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'plus2net'

Variables and Data Types

When we create one variable, actually we are creating one object or instance of a data type ( class ).

i=5

In above code , i is one object of integer class or data type.
Variables in Python Keywords in Python id()

Download the above full source code from Github or run the code in your Google colab platform.

Questions only
https://github.com/plus2net/Python-basics/blob/main/online_class_variables_types_v2.ipynb

Questions and Solutions
https://github.com/plus2net/Python-basics/blob/main/online_class_variables_types_v1.ipynb

Python Data types #pythonbasics #datatypes
13-Feb-2024

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