type() to get data type of object in Python

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type() returns the data type of the object .

list of Python built in Data types

None
Numeric ( integer, float , complex )
Sequence ( list, tuple, set , range )
Bool
string ( or str )
dictionary.

Getting type of object ( Output is with comment # part )

print(type(5))          #<class 'int'>
print(type(3.4))        #<class 'float'>
print(type(5+9j))       #<class 'complex'>

Using List , set , dictionary and tuple.

print(type(['One','Tow','Three']))          # <class 'list'>
print(type(('One','Tow','Three')))          # <class 'tuple'>
print(type({'One','Tow','Three'}))          # <class 'set'>
print(type({1:'Alex',2:'Ronald',3:'John'})) # <class 'dict'>

None

If the object is not assigned any value, we call it NoneType.

a=None
print(type(a)) # <class 'NoneType'>

Range

sequence of numbers ( Immutable ) can be returned by using range(). These are range data type.

x=range(5)      # 5 is stop value
print(type(x))  # <class 'range'>

bool

Bool data type stors values True or False. Read more on bool()

a=True
print(type(a)) # <class 'bool'>

str

String data types. Built in function str() update to string data type.

print(type("Welcome"))  #<class 'str'>

Apart from these built in data types, user can create its own data types by using class.

class Animal():
    #instance attributes
    def __init__(self1,name1,age):
        self1.name= name1
        self1.age=age

#instantiate the Animal  class
tiger=Animal("Ronald",5)  # tiger is an object of Animal class

print(type(tiger)) # <class '__main__.Animal'>

How to covert one data type to other ?

We can use int() , float(), str(), complex() , bool() to convert data types.

Integer to String by using str()

my_int=5
my_int=str(5)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'str'>

Integer to float()

my_int=5
my_int=float(5)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'float'>

Integer to complex, by using complex()

my_int1=5
my_int2=3
my_int=complex(my_int1,my_int2)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'complex'>

Float to Integer by using float()

my_float=5.4
my_int=int(my_float)
print(type(my_int)) # <class 'int'>

All types of conversion are not possible. This will generate error.

my_str='plus2net'
my_int=int(my_str)
print(type(my_int))

Output

 ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'plus2net'

Variables and Data Types

When we create one variable, actually we are creating one object or instance of a data type ( class ).

i=5

In above code , i is one object of integer class or data type.
Variables in Python
All Built in Functions in Python

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