MySQL IF function to check condition and return TRUE or FALSE statements with SELECT query

If function will check one condition and if it is true then the it will return the Next expression ( 2nd one ) and if False then it will return the 3rd expression.
Here is the syntax

IF(expression_status, expression_if_true, expression_if_false )

Video on SQL IF Function

For SQLite database use IFF()

In this syntax we can see how the expression is returned based on the status of first expression expression_status. If first expression is True then the 2nd expression i.e expression_if_true is returned. If expression_status is False then the 3rd expression expression_if_false is returned.

Examples of IF function

We will use our student table to display the students who have passed the exam. Mark is checked and if mark is greater than equal to 60 then the result is declared as Pass , otherwise it is Failed.

Here is the query

SELECT id,name,mark, IF(mark >=60, 'PASS','FAIL') as Result  
FROM `student` LIMIT 0,10

We have limited number of results to 10 only by adding Limit query, you can go as per your requirement.

Output is here.

id	name	mark	Result
1	John Deo	75	PASS
2	Max Ruin	85	PASS
3	Arnold	55	FAIL
4	Krish Star	60	PASS
5	John Mike	60	PASS
6	Alex John	55	FAIL
7	My John Rob	78	PASS
8	Asruid	85	PASS
9	Tes Qry	78	PASS
10	Big John	55	FAIL

Download the SQL dump of the above student table

Let us try a more complex query including SUM of columns. We will use our student3 table for this.

SELECT id,name, social + math + science  AS total,
IF(social + math + science  > 200, 'Pass','Fail') AS Result
  FROM student3;

id	name	total	Result
2	Max Ruin	226	Pass
3	Arnold	170	Fail
4	Krish Star	180	Fail
5	John Mike	230	Pass
6	Alex John	225	Pass
7	My John Rob	208	Pass
8	Asruid	255	Pass
9	Tes Qry	208	Pass
10	Big John	150	Fail

Using aggregate function with GROUP BY

SELECT id,name, SUM(social + math + science ) as Total,
if(SUM(social + math + science ) > 200, 'Pass','Fail') as Result
  from student3 GROUP BY id;

You will get same output as above.

Grid view with rows as columns

We used SUM() to add all True conditions.

SELECT
SUM(IF(class='Three',1,0)) as THREE,
SUM(IF(class='Four',1,0)) as FOUR,
SUM(IF(class='Five',1,0)) as FIVE ,
SUM(IF(class='Six',1,0)) as SIX,
SUM(IF(class='Seven',1,0)) as SEVEN,
SUM(IF(class='Eight',1,0)) as EIGHT,
SUM(IF(class='Nine',1,0)) as NINIE
FROM student

Output is here

THREE	FOUR	FIVE	SIX	SEVEN	EIGHT	NINIE
3	9	3	7	10	1	2

Now let us use COUNT, here we will return NULL for False condition of IF status checking.

SELECT 
COUNT(IF(class='Three',1,NULL)) as THREE,
COUNT(IF(class='Four',1,NULL)) as FOUR,
COUNT(IF(class='Five',1,NULL)) as FIVE ,
COUNT(IF(class='Six',1,NULL)) as SIX,
COUNT(IF(class='Seven',1,NULL)) as SEVEN,
COUNT(IF(class='Eight',1,NULL)) as EIGHT,
COUNT(IF(class='Nine',1,NULL)) as NINIE
FROM student

Output is here

THREE	FOUR	FIVE	SIX	SEVEN	EIGHT	NINIE
3	9	3	7	10	1	2

Let us crate a report using our student table to display total number of different grades in each class.

SELECT class, 
SUM( IF( mark <50, 1, 0 ) ) AS grade_C, 
SUM( IF( mark BETWEEN 50 AND 69 , 1, 0 ) ) AS grade_B, 
SUM( IF( mark >=70, 1, 0 ) ) AS grade_A 
FROM  `student` GROUP BY class

Output is here

class	grade_C	grade_B	grade_A
Eight	0	0	1
Five	0	0	3
Four	0	5	4
Nine	1	1	0
Seven	0	3	7
Six	0	1	6
Three	0	1	2

SQL CASE SQL sum in multiple columns

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Rajnit Baldaniya	10-02-2018
SELECT id,Mark, CASE WHEN Mark > 35 THEN 'PASS' ELSE 'FAIL' END AS Result FROM marks

IF Function in MySQL Query

Video on SQL IF Function

Examples of IF function

Using aggregate function with GROUP BY

Grid view with rows as columns

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