Python tkinter frame

Size of the frame

frame_top=Frame(my_w,width=390, height=390)
frame_top.pack(expand=True)

Adding border to frame

import tkinter  as tk 
from tkinter import *
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("400x200")  
frame_top=Frame(my_w,width=380, height=180,
highlightbackground='red',highlightthicknes=5)
frame_top.pack(expand=True)
my_w.mainloop()

Adding image to Frame

import tkinter  as tk 
from tkinter import *
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("400x400")  
frame_top=Frame(my_w,width=390, height=390,
highlightbackground='red',highlightthicknes=3)
frame_top.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)

my_img = tk.PhotoImage(file = "D:\\top2.png") 
l2 = tk.Label(frame_top,  image=my_img )
l2.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=5,pady=5)

my_w.mainloop()

Background colour of Frame

import tkinter  as tk 
from tkinter import *
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("400x400")  
frame_top=Frame(my_w,width=390, height=390,background='yellow',
highlightbackground='red',highlightthicknes=3)
frame_top.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5)

l2 = tk.Label(frame_top,text='yellow background with red border' )
l2.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=5,pady=5)

my_w.mainloop()

Understanding Multiple frame layout

import tkinter  as tk 
from tkinter import *
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("400x350")  
frame_top=Frame(my_w,width=390, height=150,
highlightbackground='red',highlightthicknes=3)
frame_top.grid(row=0,column=0,
    padx=5,pady=5,ipadx=5,ipady=5,columnspan=2)

my_img = tk.PhotoImage(file = "D:\\top2.png") 
l2 = tk.Label(frame_top,  image=my_img )
l2.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=5,pady=5)

frame_body=Frame(my_w,width=380, height=150,background='lightblue',
highlightbackground='lightgreen',highlightthicknes=3)
frame_body.grid(row=1,column=0,
    padx=20,pady=20,ipadx=5,ipady=5,columnspan=2)
l3=tk.Label(frame_body,text='Name',font=16)
l3.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=10,pady=10)
t1=tk.Entry(frame_body,width=20,font=16)
t1.grid(row=0,column=1)
b1=tk.Button(frame_body,text='Submit',font=20,fg='blue')
b1.grid(row=1,column=1,padx=20,pady=10)

b2=tk.Button(my_w,text='Delete',font=20,
    fg='Red',command=lambda:frame_bottom.grid_forget() )
b2.grid(row=2,column=0,padx=10,pady=10)

b3=tk.Button(my_w,text='Restore',font=20,fg='Green',
    command=lambda:frame_bottom.grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan=2) )
b3.grid(row=2,column=1,pady=10)

frame_bottom=Frame(my_w,width=380, height=150)
frame_bottom.grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan=2)
l4=tk.Label(frame_bottom,text='I am at  bottom frame' ,
    bg='lightblue',font=18)
l4.grid(row=0,column=0,pady=10,sticky='w')
my_w.mainloop()

Config options

Example

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import * 
my_w=tk.Tk()

my_bottom=Frame(my_w,bg='green',cursor='boat',bd=20,relief=RAISED,
                width=100,padx=10,pady=10,highlightcolor='yellow')
my_bottom.pack(side=BOTTOM)

b1=tk.Button(my_w,text='b1', width=30)
b1.pack(side=LEFT)

# Using Frame by_bottom
b2=tk.Button(my_bottom,text='b2')
b2.pack(side=LEFT)


b3=tk.Button(my_bottom,text='b3')
b3.pack(side=LEFT)
l4=tk.Label(my_bottom,text='l4 label')
l4.pack(side=LEFT)

my_w.mainloop()

import tkinter as tk

my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("600x400") # width x height of window 
def my_open():
    frame_top.config(bg='lightgreen')

frame_top=tk.Frame(my_w,width=390, height=150,bg='yellow',
                   highlightbackground='red',highlightthicknes=3)
frame_top.grid(row=0,column=0,padx=25,pady=25,columnspan=2)

my_button = tk.Button(my_w,text="plus2net", fg="blue",
                      cursor="hand2",font=18,command=my_open)
my_button.grid(row=1, column=0,padx=20, pady=20)
my_w.mainloop()

separator

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import * 
my_w=tk.Tk()

b1=tk.Button(my_w,text='b1', width=10)
b1.pack(side=TOP)

# Using Frame by_bottom
b2=tk.Button(my_w,text='b2')
b2.pack(side=TOP)
my_line=Frame(my_w,bg='green',bd=20,height=5,width=20,
              relief=RAISED,highlightcolor='yellow')
my_line.pack(side=TOP,fill=X)

b3=tk.Button(my_w,text='b3')
b3.pack(side=BOTTOM)
l4=tk.Label(my_w,text='l4 label')
l4.pack(side=BOTTOM)

my_w.mainloop()

Nested Frames

• Outer Frame (frame_side):

  • This is the main frame inside the window (my_w) and acts as a container for the nested frames.
  • Positioned using grid() with row=0 and column=0.

• Nested Frame 1 (nested_frame1):

  • Placed inside frame_side using grid() with row=1, column=0.
  • Contains a Label and a Button.

• Nested Frame 2 (nested_frame2):

  • Also placed inside frame_side using grid() with row=1, column=1.
  • Contains its own Label and Button.

• Layout:

  • Each frame and widget uses the grid layout manager, ensuring clear positioning and alignment.

• Styling:

  • Background colors (lightblue, lightgreen, lightyellow) visually distinguish the frames.

import tkinter as tk

# Main window
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("400x260")
my_w.title("Nested Frames Example")

# Outer Frame
frame_side = tk.Frame(my_w, width=450, height=250, bg="lightblue")
frame_side.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=30, pady=50)

# Adding a label to the outer frame
l1 = tk.Label(frame_side, text="Outer Frame", 
	bg="lightblue", font=("Arial", 14))
l1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)

# Nested Frame 1 inside the outer frame
nested_frame1 = tk.Frame(frame_side, width=200, height=100, 
	bg="lightgreen", relief="solid", borderwidth=1)
nested_frame1.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

# Add widgets to Nested Frame 1
nested_label1 = tk.Label(nested_frame1, text="Nested Frame 1", 
	bg="lightgreen", font=("Arial", 12))
nested_label1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)

nested_button1 = tk.Button(nested_frame1, text="Button 1")
nested_button1.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)

# Nested Frame 2 inside the outer frame
nested_frame2 = tk.Frame(frame_side, width=200, height=100,
	bg="lightyellow", relief="solid", borderwidth=1)
nested_frame2.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

# Add widgets to Nested Frame 2
nested_label2 = tk.Label(nested_frame2, text="Nested Frame 2", 
	bg="lightyellow", font=("Arial", 12))
nested_label2.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)

nested_button2 = tk.Button(nested_frame2, text="Button 2")
nested_button2.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)

my_w.mainloop() # Main event loop

Example: Data Visualization Dashboard using Tkinter Frame

1. Main Application Window:
   • The main window (root) is created with a title "Data Visualization Dashboard" and dimensions 800x600 pixels using the geometry() method.
2. Title Frame:
   • A Frame widget (title_frame) is used to display the title of the dashboard.
   • The Label widget (title_label) is placed within this frame and styled with the Arial font and a light blue background.
3. Stats Frame:
   • The stats_frame holds statistical information, such as total sales, new users, and revenue.
   • Each statistic is displayed as a Label with a white background and solid border.
4. Charts Frame:
   • The charts_frame is a container for the visualizations (Pie Chart and Bar Chart).
5. Pie Chart:
   • A Frame (pie_frame) is used to hold the pie chart visualization.
   • The pie chart shows product distribution using plt.pie() and is embedded into the Tkinter frame using FigureCanvasTkAgg.
   • It includes labels ("Product A", "Product B", "Product C") and percentages with distinct colors.
6. Bar Chart:
   • A Frame (bar_frame) is used to hold the bar chart visualization.
   • The bar chart displays monthly sales using plt.bar() and is embedded into the Tkinter frame.
   • Categories ("Jan", "Feb", "Mar", etc.) represent the months, and the values represent sales.
7. Embedding Matplotlib Charts:
   • The FigureCanvasTkAgg class from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg integrates Matplotlib charts into Tkinter.
   • Each chart is rendered and packed into its respective frame (pie_frame and bar_frame).
8. Running the Application:
   • The mainloop() method is used to start the Tkinter event loop and keep the application open.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Create the main application window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Data Visualization Dashboard")
root.geometry("800x600")

# Frame for the title
title_frame = tk.Frame(root, bg="lightblue", height=50)
title_frame.pack(fill="x")
title_label = tk.Label(title_frame, text="Data Visualization Dashboard", 
	font=("Arial", 20), bg="lightblue")
title_label.pack(pady=10)

# Frame for the stats
stats_frame = tk.Frame(root, bg="white", height=100)
stats_frame.pack(fill="x", padx=10, pady=5)

# Add some stats labels
stats = [("Total Sales", 1234), ("New Users", 567), ("Revenue ($)", 8901)]
for i, (label, value) in enumerate(stats):
    stat_label = tk.Label(stats_frame, text=f'{label}\n{value}', 
		font=("Arial", 14), bg="white", relief="solid", width=20)
    stat_label.grid(row=0, column=i, padx=20, pady=10)

# Frame for the charts
charts_frame = tk.Frame(root)
charts_frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=10, pady=5)

# Pie Chart
pie_frame = tk.Frame(charts_frame, bg="white", relief="solid", width=400, height=300)
pie_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

pie_data = [30, 20, 50]
pie_labels = ["Product A", "Product B", "Product C"]
fig_pie, ax_pie = plt.subplots(figsize=(4, 3))
ax_pie.pie(pie_data, labels=pie_labels, autopct='%1.1f%%', 
	colors=["lightcoral", "gold", "skyblue"])
ax_pie.set_title("Product Distribution")
canvas_pie = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_pie, pie_frame)
canvas_pie.get_tk_widget().pack()

# Bar Chart
bar_frame = tk.Frame(charts_frame, bg="white", relief="solid", width=400, height=300)
bar_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

bar_categories = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May"]
bar_values = [200, 150, 300, 250, 400]
fig_bar, ax_bar = plt.subplots(figsize=(4, 3))
ax_bar.bar(bar_categories, bar_values, color="skyblue")
ax_bar.set_title("Monthly Sales")
ax_bar.set_ylabel("Sales")
canvas_bar = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_bar, bar_frame)
canvas_bar.get_tk_widget().pack()

# Run the application
root.mainloop()

Subhendu Mohapatra

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