We will keep one Label along with a text box.
« Basics of Python Tkinter
User input for multiline of text. ( for single line of text use Entry)
t1=tk.Text(parent_window,options)
parent_window : Declared Parent window
options : Various options can be added, list is given below.
import tkinter as tk
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("500x500")
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Your Name', width=10 ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=8,bg='yellow') # added one text box
t1.grid(row=1,column=2)
my_w.mainloop()
To manage layout read more on grid() →
Reading data of text box starting from first char till end
t1.get("1.0",END)
"1.0" mean Line 1 , first char. Similarly END is the string end including the line break. To remove line break we have to modify like this.
t1.get("1.0",'end-1c')
Adding data to a text box my_str1 is the string variable to insert.
t2.insert(tk.END, my_str1)
Above two lines are most important to develop applications.
There are many options we can add to text box, the list is available below.
Now let us add the click event of the button linked to text box. We will enter data in our text box , on click of the button the entered data will be displayed at another Label.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import BOTH, END, LEFT
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("500x300")
def my_upd():
my_str.set(t1.get("1.0",END)) # read the text box data and update the label
my_str = tk.StringVar()
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Your Name', width=10 ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=20,bg='yellow')# added one text box
#t1=Entry(my_w, width=10)
t1.grid(row=1,column=2)
b1 = tk.Button(my_w, text='Update', width=10,bg='red',command=lambda: my_upd()) # button added
b1.grid(row=1,column=3)
l2 = tk.Label(my_w, textvariable=my_str, width=20 ) # added one Label
l2.grid(row=1,column=4)
my_str.set(" I will update")
my_w.mainloop()
Let us update one text box by using data from another text box.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import BOTH, END, LEFT
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("500x400")
def my_upd():
my_str1=t1.get("1.0",END) # read from one text box t1
t2.insert(tk.END, my_str1) # Add to another text box t2
my_str = tk.StringVar()
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Your Name', width=10 ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=20,bg='yellow')# added one text box
#t1=Entry(my_w, width=10)
t1.grid(row=1,column=2)
b1 = tk.Button(my_w, text='Update', width=10,bg='red',command=lambda: my_upd()) # button added
b1.grid(row=1,column=3)
t2 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=15, bg='#00f000' ) # added one textbox to read
t2.grid(row=1,column=4)
my_w.mainloop()
Delete ( or empty ) text box
We can remove data from first text box after updating the second text box. In above code you can two more lines inside the function.
def my_upd():
my_str1=t1.get("1.0",END) # read from one text box t1
t2.insert(tk.END, my_str1) # Add to another text box t2
t1.delete('1.0',END) # Delete from postion 0 till end
t1.update() # update the delete
Options can be used in a textbox
 |
| bg | Background colour of the text boxt1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=8, height=1, bg='yellow')
We can update the background colour by using configure()
We have two radio buttons , on select of radio buttons we can change the background colour of the text box.
t1.configure(bg=r1_v.get())
Read more on Radio buttons
Full code is here
import tkinter as tk
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("200x200")
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Your Name' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=8, height=1)
t1.grid(row=1,column=2)
###### Radio buttons #######
def my_upd():
t1.configure(bg=r1_v.get()) # update the colour
r1_v = tk.StringVar() # We used string variable here
r1_v.set('Yellow') # Can assign value Appear or Failed
r1 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Yellow', variable=r1_v,
value='Yellow',command=my_upd)
r1.grid(row=2,column=1)
r2 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Red', variable=r1_v,
value='Red',command=my_upd)
r2.grid(row=2,column=2)
my_w.mainloop()
|
| bd | Border around the Text. Default width is 2t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=8, height=1, bd=6)
|
| exportselection | Selection is to be exported or not. The default is usually for widgets to export selection.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=20, height=1,
exportselection=1)
|
| font | Managing font size, family, type etc
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=20, height=1,font=18)
font size with family
my_font=('times', 8, 'bold')
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=20, height=1,font=my_font)
|
 |
| fg | Colour used for fg
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Your Name' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10, height=1,fg='red')
t1.grid(row=1,column=2)
t2 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10, height=1,fg='green')
t2.grid(row=1,column=3)
|
| height | Height in number of lines
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10, height=2)
|
highlightbackground
focus highlight color ( the rectangle around the text box ) when text box is not in focus.
( Note keep highlightthickness = 2 to get a visible output of the rectangle around the text box )
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,highlightbackground='red')
|
highlightcolor
focus highlight ( the rectangle around the text box ) color when text box is in focus
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,highlightcolor='red')
|
highlightthickness
The width of the focus heighlight. ( the rectangle around the text box ) Default value is 1.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,highlightthickness=2)
|
 |
insertbackground
Blinking Cursor background colour.
Here we kept insertwidth=15 to make the cursor thick enough to make it visible.
We have changed insertborderwidth=10 to make the 3 D effect visible.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w,width=10,height=1,
insertbackground='red',insertwidth=15)
|
insertborderwidth
Widht of the border of Cursor to give 3 D Effect.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w,width=10,height=1,
insertborderwidth=8, insertwidth=18)
|
insertofftime
The off time in milliseconds for the blinking cursor. For 0 value it will not blink.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w,width=10,height=1,
insertofftime=1000,insertontime=1000)
|
insertontime
The on time in milliseconds for the blinking cursor.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w,width=10,height=1,
insertofftime=1000,insertontime=1000)
|
insertwidth
Width of the blinking cursor t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,insertwidth=15)
|
| justify | Text justification . Values can be LEFT RIGHT or CENTER |
 |
relief The text box 3 D effect style. It can take these values
raised , sunken ,flat, ridge, solid & groove
import tkinter as tk
my_w = tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry("250x200")
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='relief' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=1,column=1)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Raised' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=2,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='raised')
t1.grid(row=2,column=2)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='sunken' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=3,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='sunken')
t1.grid(row=3,column=2)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='flat' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=4,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='flat')
t1.grid(row=4,column=2)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='ridge' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=5,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='ridge')
t1.grid(row=5,column=2)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='solid' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=6,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='solid')
t1.grid(row=6,column=2)
l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='groove' ) # added one Label
l1.grid(row=7,column=1)
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,relief='groove')
t1.grid(row=7,column=2)
my_w.mainloop()
|
| selectbackground | The background colour of the selected text inside the textbox.
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,
selectbackground='red')
|
| selectborderwidth | The width of the boarder around selected text |
| selectforeground | The colour of the font of selected text
t1 = tk.Text(my_w, width=10,height=1,
selectforeground='yellow')
|
| textvariable | Variable we can set and get from text box |
| width | Width in number of charst1 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=20)
|
| xscrollcommand | Add scroll bar to text box |
Methods
Delete chars from start position to end position
l2.delete(1.4,1.7) # from 4th till 7th position of line one
l2.delete(1.0,END) # from starting till end
get()
print(l2.get(1.4,1.7)) # print from 4th till 7th position of line one
print(l2.get(1.0,END)) # Print from starting till end
- Exercise on Text
- Ask user to enter Name, marks ( in three subjects Physics, Chemistry, Math ) and attendance of a student. On Update , the data will be stored in a Dictionary and finally in a CSV file. ( Break it in parts, First display the data using print(), then create Dictionary and then save as CSV file. )
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