Adding rows to MySQL table and using insert() in Tkinter Treeview

Adding row to Treeview only after inserting to MySQL table

1. Connect to MySQL database using SQLAlchemy
2. Validate the user inputs before executing MySQL insert command.
3. Insert data to MySQL table and get the confirmation by reading number of rows affected by the insert query.
4. Add the parent ( node ) to Treeview using the same user entered input data

add_data(): the main function

flag

flag_validation=True # set the flag 

1. Name should not be less than 2 char length ( Can't be blank )
2. Class should not be less than 2 char length ( Option must be selected)
3. Gender should not be less than 2 char length ( One choice must be there )
4. The mark must be an integer

if(len(my_name) < 2 or len(my_class)<2  or len(my_gender) < 2 ):
            flag_validation=False 
     try:
        val = int(my_mark) # checking mark as integer 
     except:
        flag_validation=False 

if(id.lastrowid>=1): # data is inserted successfully 
  trv.insert("",'end',
      values=(id.lastrowid,my_name,my_class,my_mark,my_gender))

Code Explanation: Breaking Down the Activities

1. Setting Up the Main Window

from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *

my_w = tk.Tk()  # Create the main Tkinter window
my_w.geometry('400x500')  # Set window size
my_w.title("www.plus2net.com")  # Set window title

• The code initializes a Tkinter window and sets its dimensions and title.
• This is the foundation for the GUI where all widgets will be added.

2. Adding the Treeview Widget

trv = ttk.Treeview(my_w, selectmode='browse')  # Treeview for displaying data
trv.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=4, padx=20, pady=20)

trv["columns"] = ("1", "2", "3", "4", "5")
trv['show'] = 'headings'

trv.column("1", width=30, anchor='c')
trv.column("2", width=80, anchor='c')
trv.column("3", width=80, anchor='c')
trv.column("4", width=80, anchor='c')
trv.column("5", width=80, anchor='c')

trv.heading("1", text="id")
trv.heading("2", text="Name")
trv.heading("3", text="Class")
trv.heading("4", text="Mark")
trv.heading("5", text="Gender")

• The Treeview widget displays tabular data with columns for ID, Name, Class, Mark, and Gender.
• The column widths and headings are configured for clarity.

3. Adding Input Widgets

l0 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Add Student', font=('Helvetica', 16), width=30, anchor="c")  
l0.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=4) 

l1 = tk.Label(my_w, text='Name: ', width=10, anchor="c")  
l1.grid(row=3, column=1) 

t1 = tk.Text(my_w, height=1, width=10, bg='white') 
t1.grid(row=3, column=2) 

• Labels and Text widgets are added to collect student information like Name and Class.
• The layout is managed using the grid() method.

4. Adding Dropdowns and Radio Buttons

options = StringVar(my_w)
options.set("")

opt1 = OptionMenu(my_w, options, "Three", "Four", "Five")
opt1.grid(row=3, column=4)

radio_v = tk.StringVar()
radio_v.set('Female')

r1 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Male', variable=radio_v, value='Male')
r1.grid(row=5, column=3)

r2 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Female', variable=radio_v, value='Female')
r2.grid(row=5, column=4)

• The dropdown lets users select the class
• Radio buttons let users choose a gender.

5. Adding a Database Connection

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text
from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError

my_conn = create_engine("mysql+mysqldb://root:test@localhost/my_tutorial").connect()

• This connects to a MySQL database using SQLAlchemy.
• The create_engine function initializes the connection.

6. Validating input before adding to database

def add_data(): # on click of button
     flag_validation=True # set the flag for input validation
     my_name=t1.get("1.0",END) # read name
     my_class=options.get()    # read class
     my_mark=t3.get("1.0",END) # read mark
     my_gender=radio_v.get()   # read gender 
     
     # length of my_name , my_class and my_gender more than 2 
     if(len(my_name) < 2 or len(my_class)<2  or len(my_gender) < 2 ):
            flag_validation=False 
     try:
        val = int(my_mark) # checking mark as integer 
     except:
        flag_validation=False 
     
     if(flag_validation):
        my_str.set("Adding data...")

7. Adding Data to the Database

def add_data():
    try:
        query = "INSERT INTO student (name, class, mark, gender) VALUES (:name, :class, :mark, :gender)"
        my_data = {"name": t1.get("1.0", END).strip(), "class": options.get(), "mark": t3.get("1.0", END).strip(), "gender": radio_v.get()}
        my_conn.execute(text(query), my_data)
    except SQLAlchemyError as e:
        print(str(e))

• This function validates and inserts student data into the database.
• It uses placeholders for secure parameterized queries.

from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
my_w=tk.Tk()
my_w.geometry('400x500')
my_w.title("www.plus2net.com")
trv=ttk.Treeview(my_w,selectmode='browse')
trv.grid(row=1,column=1,columnspan=4,padx=20,pady=20)
trv["columns"]=("1","2","3","4","5")
trv['show']='headings'
trv.column("1",width=30,anchor='c')
trv.column("2",width=80,anchor='c')
trv.column("3",width=80,anchor='c')
trv.column("4",width=80,anchor='c')
trv.column("5",width=80,anchor='c')
trv.heading("1",text="id")
trv.heading("2",text="Name")
trv.heading("3",text="Class")
trv.heading("4",text="Mark")
trv.heading("5",text="Gender")
i=1
trv.insert("",'end',iid=1,
		values=(i,'Alex','Four',78,'Male'))

l0 = tk.Label(my_w,  text='Add Student',
              font=('Helvetica', 16), width=30,anchor="c" )  
l0.grid(row=2,column=1,columnspan=4) 

l1 = tk.Label(my_w,  text='Name: ', width=10,anchor="c" )  
l1.grid(row=3,column=1) 

# add one text box
t1 = tk.Text(my_w,  height=1, width=10,bg='white') 
t1.grid(row=3,column=2) 

l2 = tk.Label(my_w,  text='Class: ', width=10 )  
l2.grid(row=3,column=3) 

# add list box for selection of class
options = StringVar(my_w)
options.set("") # default value

opt1 = OptionMenu(my_w, options, "Three", "Four", "Five")
opt1.grid(row=3,column=4)

l3 = tk.Label(my_w,  text='Mark: ', width=10 )  
l3.grid(row=5,column=1) 

# add one text box
t3 = tk.Text(my_w,  height=1, width=4,bg='white') 
t3.grid(row=5,column=2) 

radio_v = tk.StringVar()
radio_v.set('Female')
r1 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Male', variable=radio_v, value='Male')
r1.grid(row=5,column=3)

r2 = tk.Radiobutton(my_w, text='Female', variable=radio_v, value='Female')
r2.grid(row=5,column=4)

b1 = tk.Button(my_w,  text='Add Record', width=10, 
               command=lambda: add_data())  
b1.grid(row=6,column=2) 
my_str = tk.StringVar()
l5 = tk.Label(my_w,  textvariable=my_str, width=10 )  
l5.grid(row=8,column=1)
#database connection if not added before
from sqlalchemy import create_engine,text
from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
# add your mysql userid, password and db name here ##
my_conn = create_engine("mysql+mysqldb://id:pw@localhost/my_db").connect()
def add_data(): # on click of button
     flag_validation=True # set the flag for input validation
     my_name=t1.get("1.0",END) # read name
     my_class=options.get()    # read class
     my_mark=t3.get("1.0",END) # read mark
     my_gender=radio_v.get()   # read gender 
     
     # length of my_name , my_class and my_gender more than 2 
     if(len(my_name) < 2 or len(my_class)<2  or len(my_gender) < 2 ):
            flag_validation=False 
     try:
        val = int(my_mark) # checking mark as integer 
     except:
        flag_validation=False 
     
     if(flag_validation):
        my_str.set("Adding data...")
        try:
            query="INSERT INTO student (name, class, mark, gender) \
            VALUES (:name, :class, :mark, :gender)"
            my_data = {"name": my_name, "class": my_class, "mark": my_mark, "gender": my_gender}
            id=my_conn.execute(text(query),my_data) # insert data
            t1.delete('1.0',END)  # reset the text entry box
            t3.delete('1.0',END)  # reset the text entry box
            l5.grid() 
            l5.config(fg='green') # foreground color 
            l5.config(bg='white') # background color 
            if(id.lastrowid>=1):# data is inserted successfully
                trv.insert("",'end',
                values=(id.lastrowid,my_name,my_class,my_mark,my_gender))
            my_str.set("ID:" + str(id.lastrowid))
            l5.after(3000,lambda:l5.config(fg='white',bg='white',text=''))
              
        except SQLAlchemyError as e:
            error = str(e.__dict__['orig'])
            l5.grid() 
            #return error
            l5.config(fg='red')   # foreground color
            l5.config(bg='yellow') # background color
            print(error)
            my_str.set(error)        
     else:
        l5.grid() 
        l5.config(fg='red')   # foreground color
        l5.config(bg='yellow') # background color
        my_str.set("check inputs.")
        l5.after(3000,lambda:l5.config(fg='white',bg='white',text=''))
my_w.mainloop()

Subhendu Mohapatra

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