Tkinter Quiz System with SQLite and SQLAlchemy

Introduction

We will learn how to build a Student Quiz System using Python Tkinter, SQLite, and SQLAlchemy.

• Part I : Use Tkinter Notebook (Tabs) to display Quiz and Student Marks.
• Part II : Setup the database by storing multiple-choice questions and student details in an SQLite database.

import os
import random
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text
import ttkbootstrap as tb
    

current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
db_path = os.path.join(current_dir, "student_quiz.db")  
DB_FILE = f"sqlite:///{db_path}"

engine = create_engine(DB_FILE, echo=False)  
conn = engine.connect()
    

def get_questions():
    result = conn.execute(text("SELECT id, question, option1, option2, option3, option4, correct_option FROM questions"))
    return [dict(row) for row in result.mappings()]  

questions = get_questions()  
    

root = tb.Window(themename="superhero")
root.title("plus2net.com Student Quiz System")
root.geometry("650x500")
    

notebook = ttk.Notebook(root)
notebook.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="nsew")

quiz_tab = ttk.Frame(notebook)
marks_tab = ttk.Frame(notebook)
notebook.add(quiz_tab, text="📖 Quiz")
notebook.add(marks_tab, text="📊 Student Marks")
    

def start_quiz():
    if not student_id.get().isdigit():
        messagebox.showerror("Error", "Enter a valid Student ID!")
        return
    start_btn.grid_forget()
    question_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=10, pady=10, sticky='w')
    show_question()
    

def next_question():
    global current_question_index, score
    if selected_option.get() == 0:
        messagebox.showwarning("Warning", "Please select an answer!")
        return
    if selected_option.get() == questions[current_question_index]["correct_option"]:
        score += 1
    current_question_index += 1
    show_question()
    

def load_student_marks():
    tree.delete(*tree.get_children())  
    data = conn.execute(text("SELECT id, name, class_name, COALESCE(mark, 'Not Attempted') AS mark FROM student"))  
    for row in data:
        tree.insert("", "end", values=row)
    

import os
import random
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text
import ttkbootstrap as tb

# ✅ Database Connection Using SQLAlchemy
current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))  
db_path = os.path.join(current_dir, "student_quiz.db")  
DB_FILE = f"sqlite:///{db_path}"

engine = create_engine(DB_FILE, echo=False)  
conn = engine.connect()

# ✅ Fetch All Questions from Database
def get_questions():
    result = conn.execute(text("SELECT id, question, option1, option2, option3, option4, correct_option FROM questions"))
    return [dict(row) for row in result.mappings()]  

questions = get_questions()  

# ✅ Tkinter Window Setup
root = tb.Window(themename="superhero")
root.title("plus2net.com  Student Quiz System")
root.geometry("650x500")

# ✅ Create Notebook (Tab View)
notebook = ttk.Notebook(root)
notebook.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="nsew")

# ✅ Create Tabs
quiz_tab = ttk.Frame(notebook)
marks_tab = ttk.Frame(notebook)
notebook.add(quiz_tab, text="📖 Quiz")
notebook.add(marks_tab, text="📊 Student Marks")

# ✅ Variables
student_id = tk.StringVar()
current_question_index = 0
score = 0
selected_option = tk.IntVar()

# ✅ GUI: Student ID Input (Inside Quiz Tab)
tk.Label(quiz_tab, text="Enter Student ID:", font=("Arial", 12)).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5, sticky="w")
tk.Entry(quiz_tab, textvariable=student_id, font=("Arial", 12)).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
start_btn = tb.Button(quiz_tab, text="Start Quiz", bootstyle="primary", command=lambda: start_quiz())
start_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=5)

# ✅ Question Frame (Initially Hidden)
question_frame = ttk.Frame(quiz_tab)
question_label = tk.Label(question_frame, text="", font=("Arial", 14), wraplength=500)
question_label.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=10,sticky="nsew")
options = []
for i in range(4):
    r = tk.Radiobutton(question_frame, text="", variable=selected_option, value=i+1, font=("Arial", 12))
    r.grid(row=i+2, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="w", padx=20)
    options.append(r)

# ✅ Buttons
next_btn = tb.Button(question_frame, text="Next", bootstyle="success", command=lambda: next_question())
submit_btn = tb.Button(question_frame, text="Submit", bootstyle="danger", command=lambda: finish_quiz())

# ✅ Display Question
# ✅ Display Question with Left Alignment
def show_question():
    global current_question_index
    if current_question_index < len(questions):
        q = questions[current_question_index]
        question_label.config(text=f"Q{current_question_index+1}: {q['question']}", anchor="w", justify="left")
        for i in range(4):
            options[i].config(text=q[f"option{i+1}"])
        selected_option.set(0)  
    else:
        finish_quiz()


# ✅ Start Quiz
def start_quiz():
    if not student_id.get().isdigit():
        messagebox.showerror("Error", "Enter a valid Student ID!")
        return
    start_btn.grid_forget()
    question_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=10, pady=10,sticky='w')
    next_btn.grid(row=6, column=0, padx=5, pady=10)
    show_question()

# ✅ Handle Next Question
def next_question():
    global current_question_index, score
    if selected_option.get() == 0:
        messagebox.showwarning("Warning", "Please select an answer!")
        return
    if selected_option.get() == questions[current_question_index]["correct_option"]:
        score += 1
    current_question_index += 1
    show_question()

# ✅ Finish Quiz & Update Score in Database
def finish_quiz():
    global score
    messagebox.showinfo("Quiz Finished", f"Your Score: {score} / {len(questions)}")
    
    # ✅ Update student marks using SQLAlchemy
    conn.execute(text("UPDATE student SET mark = :mark WHERE id = :id"), {"mark": score, "id": int(student_id.get())})
    conn.commit()
    
    question_frame.grid_forget()
    load_student_marks()

# ✅ Show Student Marks in Treeview (Inside Marks Tab)
columns = ("ID", "Name", "Class", "Mark")
tree = ttk.Treeview(marks_tab, columns=columns, show="headings", height=8)  # Reduced height
for col in columns:
    tree.heading(col, text=col)
    tree.column(col, width=100, anchor="center")  # Reduced column width

tree.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="nsew")

# ✅ Load Student Marks into Table
def load_student_marks():
    tree.delete(*tree.get_children())  
    data = conn.execute(text("SELECT id, name, class_name, COALESCE(mark, 'Not Attempted') AS mark FROM student"))  
    for row in data:
        id, name, class_name, mark = row  # Ensure proper column mapping
        tree.insert("", "end", values=(id, name, class_name, mark))



# ✅ Load Student Marks Initially
load_student_marks()

# ✅ Run Tkinter Loop
root.mainloop()

1. Database Setup 🔝

Before using the app we need to set up the database containing students details and quiz questions.

1.1 Creating `setup_database.py`

# Import required modules
import os
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text

# Define database path
current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
db_path = os.path.join(current_dir, "student_quiz.db")
DB_FILE = f"sqlite:///{db_path}"

# Create connection
engine = create_engine(DB_FILE, echo=False)
conn = engine.connect()

# Create Tables
conn.execute(text("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student"))
conn.execute(text("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS questions"))

• SQLite database: Created in the current directory.
• SQLAlchemy: Used for database connection and execution.
• Drop Tables: Resets data ( delete tables ) before creating tables.

1.2 Inserting Sample Data

# Insert Sample Questions
questions = [
    {"question": "What is 2+2?", "option1": "3", "option2": "4", "correct_option": 2}
]
conn.execute(text("INSERT INTO questions (question, option1, option2, correct_option) VALUES (:question, :option1, :option2, :correct_option)"), questions)

# Commit and Close
conn.commit()
conn.close()

• Stores questions and answers in SQLite.
• Ensures correct answer validation.

import os
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text

# ✅ Get the absolute path of the script's directory
current_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))  
db_path = os.path.join(current_dir, "student_quiz.db")  # Ensure database is created in the same directory
DB_FILE = f"sqlite:///{db_path}"

# ✅ Create database connection using SQLAlchemy (Disabled echo to reduce logs)
engine = create_engine(DB_FILE, echo=False)  
conn = engine.connect()

# ✅ Drop Tables (To Reset Database)
conn.execute(text("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student"))
conn.execute(text("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS questions"))

# ✅ Create 'student' Table
conn.execute(text("""
    CREATE TABLE student (
        id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
        name TEXT NOT NULL,
        class_name TEXT NOT NULL,  -- Changed from 'class' to 'class_name' to avoid SQL keyword conflict
        mark INTEGER NULL
    )
"""))

# ✅ Create 'questions' Table
conn.execute(text("""
    CREATE TABLE questions (
        id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
        question TEXT NOT NULL,
        option1 TEXT NOT NULL,
        option2 TEXT NOT NULL,
        option3 TEXT NOT NULL,
        option4 TEXT NOT NULL,
        correct_option INTEGER NOT NULL CHECK (correct_option BETWEEN 1 AND 4)
    )
"""))

# ✅ Insert Sample Students using named parameters
students = [
    {"id": 1, "name": "Alice", "class_name": "Grade 10", "mark": None},
    {"id": 2, "name": "Bob", "class_name": "Grade 11", "mark": None},
    {"id": 3, "name": "Charlie", "class_name": "Grade 12", "mark": None}
]
conn.execute(text("INSERT INTO student (id, name, class_name, mark) VALUES (:id, :name, :class_name, :mark)"), students)

# ✅ Insert Sample Questions using named parameters
questions = [
    {"question": "What is 2 + 2?", "option1": "3", "option2": "4", "option3": "5", "option4": "6", "correct_option": 2},
    {"question": "What is the capital of France?", "option1": "Berlin", "option2": "Madrid", "option3": "Paris", "option4": "Rome", "correct_option": 3},
    {"question": "Which is the largest planet?", "option1": "Mars", "option2": "Jupiter", "option3": "Earth", "option4": "Saturn", "correct_option": 2},
    {"question": "Who wrote 'Hamlet'?", "option1": "Shakespeare", "option2": "Hemingway", "option3": "Dante", "option4": "Tolstoy", "correct_option": 1},
    {"question": "What is H2O?", "option1": "Oxygen", "option2": "Hydrogen", "option3": "Water", "option4": "Salt", "correct_option": 3}
]
conn.execute(text("""
    INSERT INTO questions (question, option1, option2, option3, option4, correct_option) 
    VALUES (:question, :option1, :option2, :option3, :option4, :correct_option)
"""), questions)

# ✅ Commit and Close Connection
conn.commit()
result = conn.execute(text("SELECT * FROM student"))
for row in result:
    print(row)
conn.close()

print(f"✅ Database setup completed successfully at: {db_path}")